{"id":1460,"date":"2021-01-20T10:51:11","date_gmt":"2021-01-20T10:51:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/eyeupdateclinic.com\/?p=1460"},"modified":"2021-01-20T10:51:14","modified_gmt":"2021-01-20T10:51:14","slug":"transposition-of-ophthalmic-lenses","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eyeupdate.com.ng\/index.php\/2021\/01\/20\/transposition-of-ophthalmic-lenses\/","title":{"rendered":"Transposition of ophthalmic lenses"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Transposition<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">by&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/dutable.com\/author\/akpeli\/\">Andrew Othuke Akpeli<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Introduction \/ definition<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">According to Efe (2012) transposition as the process of changing a lens prescription from one form to another equivalent form without&nbsp; changing the value i.e. it is also&nbsp; to rewrite the expression of its power without actually changing its value. It can also be define as the act of converting the prescription of an ophthalmic lens form a sphere with minus cylinder form to a sphere with plus cylinder form or vice vise. Example \u2013 3D sphere \u2013 2D cylinder axis 180 transpose to \u2013 5D sphere + 2D cylinder axis 90 prescription consists of the sphere, cylinder and the axis. The sphere correct hyperopic and myopia, the cylinder corrects the amount of astigmatism and the axis shows where the stigmatism correction is located.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Types of transposition<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Flat Transposition<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Toric transposition<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Flat transposition:<\/strong>&nbsp;This is the process of transposition whereby the cylinder power and spherical power is separated by 90. The flat transposition is use in the dispensing laboratory.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Toric transposition:<\/strong>&nbsp;This is the process of transposition whereby the cylinder power and spherical power is not separated by 90. The toric transposition is use in the production laboratory.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Lens prescription<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Lens prescription can be written in any of this form<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Plano cylinder<\/li><li>Sphero cylinder<\/li><li>Cross cylinder<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Plano cylinder:&nbsp;<\/strong>This has one surface plane and the other, either + or \u2013 cylinder eg (plano x 0.50DCx180)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Sphere cylinder:&nbsp;<\/strong>&nbsp;This has one surface spherical and the other cylindrical eg +0.75DS -1.00DC x 50<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Cross cylinder:&nbsp;<\/strong>This has one surface a cylinder and other another cylinder eg +1.50DCx180\/0.75DCx90<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Rules of transposition<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Transposition of sphero-cylindrical prescription from plus to minus cylinder (or vice versa)<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Rules<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Step 1:<\/strong>&nbsp;New spherical power: add the power of the sphere to the power of cylinder (algebraically) of a given prescription<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Step 2:<\/strong>&nbsp;New cylindrical power: change the sign of the cylinder (plus or minus to the opposite sign) with same power.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Step 3:<\/strong>&nbsp;New axis: add or subtract 90 from the given axis (depending on which value is higher) i.e. if is below 90, add 90 to it but if is above 90 subtract 90. Let us now apply this rule to a specific sphero \u2013 cylindrical prescription.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Given + 1.00DS \u2013 1.00DC x 90<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dutable.com\/2015\/03\/28\/the-ministry-of-infrastructure-mininfra_28\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Related Topic<\/strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;The Ministry of Infrastructure (MININFRA) ,22 JOBS Vacancies in Rwanda<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">From the on set, it is important to note that this prescription has been written in minus cylinder from. To convert it to plus cylinder form, we apply the rules as follows.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rule 1: (new spherical power); (+1.00) + (1.00) = plano<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rule 2: (new cylindrical power) change the cylinder sign with same value = +1.00DC<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rule 3: (new axis) add or subtract 90 (depending on which value is greater) i.e if is below 90, add 90 to it but if it is above 90 subtract 90. 90 + 90 = 180. Therefore, the transposed plus cylindrical form of a given prescription is plano + 1.00DC x 180<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"2\"><li>Given -2.00DS + 1.50DC x 45<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To transpose this prescription from plus to its minus cylindrical form we apply same rules as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rule 1: (new sphere power) \u2013 2.00 + 1.50 = \u2013 0.50DS<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rule 2: (new cylinder power) change the cylinder sight with the same power -1.50DC<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rules 3: (New axis) i.e if is below 90, add 90 to it but if is above 90 subtract 90 45 + 90 = 135<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thus, the transpose form of this prescription into its minus cylindrical form is equivalent to :- 0.50DS \u2013 135<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Transposition of sphero-cylinders into cross cylinders<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A sphero-Cylindrical prescription can be broken down into two cross-cylinder that it was originally made of this form of. This form of transposition is also guided by its set of rules<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Rules<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rule 1. (1<sup>st<\/sup>&nbsp;Cross-Cylinder): Take the spherical power of a given sphero-cylinder prescription and write this as a cross cylinder with its axis 90&nbsp;away from the axis of a given sphero-cylindrical prescription.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rule 2. (2<sup>nd<\/sup>&nbsp;cross-cylinder) add the spherical and cylindrical power of a given sphero-cylindrical prescription and write this as cross cylinder with its axis same as the axis of the sphero-cylindrical prescription.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rules 3. (both cross-cylinder) combine the two cross cylinder obtain from rule 1 and rule 2 above as the equivalent cross cylinder for the sphero-cylindrical prescription.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;The follow are some examples to illustrate the application of the rules<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Given -4.00DS \u2013 0.50DC x 90<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dutable.com\/2016\/06\/28\/connected-talentit-resourcercandidate\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Related Topic<\/strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;Connected Talent,IT Resourcer\/Candidate Manager Jobs in Australia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rule 1. (1<sup>st<\/sup>&nbsp;cross-cylinder) -4.00DC x 180<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rule 2. (2<sup>nd<\/sup>&nbsp;cross-cylinder) -4.50DC x 90<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rule 3. (3<sup>rd<\/sup>&nbsp;cross-cylinder) +4.00DC x 180\/-4.50DC x 90<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Given: -1.50DS + 0.75DC x 45<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rule 1. (1<sup>st<\/sup>&nbsp;cross-cylinder) -1.00DC x 135<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rule 2. (2<sup>nd<\/sup>&nbsp;cross-cylinder) -0.75DC x 45<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rule 3. (3<sup>rd<\/sup>&nbsp;cross-cylinder) +1.50DC x 135\/-075DC x 45<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Transposition of 2 cross-cylinder into sphero cylinder<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rule 1: (sphere power) take either power of the 2 cross-cylinders as spherical power of the new sphero-cylinders as spherical power of the new sphero-cylinderical prescription.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rule 2: (cylindrical power) subtract the power of the cylindrical chosen as sphere from the power of the second cross-cylinder and make this the cylinder of the new sphero-cylinder<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rule 3: (axis) take the axis of the cross-cylinder that was not chosen as sphere power as axis of the new sphero-cylinderical prescription<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The following are some examples to illustrate application of the rule<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"2\"><li>Given: +2.00DS x 180\/+1.00DC x 90<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rule 1. (sphere power) + 2.00DS<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rule 2. (cylindrical power) +1.00 \u2013 (+2.00) = -1.00DC<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rule 3. (axis): 90<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Therefore, the sphero-cylindrical prescription is: +2.00DC \u2013 1.00DC x 90<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Given: -1.00DC x 135\/-3.00DCx45<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rule 1. (sphere power) -3.00DS<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rule 2. (cylindrical power) -1.00 \u2013 (-3.00)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">-1.00 + 3.00 = +2.00<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rule 3. (axis): 135<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Therefore. The sphero-cylindrical prescription is: -3.00DC + 2.00DC x 135<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Toric transposition<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A toric lens is practical same as a cylindrical lens. By these design the surfaces of toric lenses are more curved (or bent) than the surfaces of cylindrical lenses. But unlike the flat cylindrical lens prescription, the toxic prescription will indicate the various curves that have been incorporated during the process of production to arrive at a particular prescription. This explain why a toric lens prescription have the following three parts<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The base curve (BC)<\/li><li>The cross curve (CC)<\/li><li>The sphere curve (SC)<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To produce a particular prescription from a lens blanks these three components with their different powers will be generated in the factory. This process is called surfacing<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Since most of the physical properties of toric lenses are similar to cylindrical lens and vice versa. This means that given a specific toric lens prescription, the sphero-cylindrical prescription of equivalent power can be deduced from it by applying the following rules.<a href=\"https:\/\/dutable.com\/2014\/08\/20\/procreteconstruction-3-people-job\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Related Topic<\/strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;procreteconstruction 3 people Job Vacancy in Australia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rule 1 (sphere power) = base curve + sphere curve<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rule 2 (cylinder power) = cross curve \u2013 base curve<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rule 3 (axis) same as axis of cross curve<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The following example is meant to illustrate the application of those rules:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rule 1 (sphere power): +2.00 + (-3.00) = -1.00DS<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rule 2 (cylinder power) +4.00 \u2013 2.00 = +2.00DC<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rules 3 (axis) = 180<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sphero-cylindrical prescription: -1.00DS + 2.00DC x 180<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Importance of transposition<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">After an optometrist has done a refraction for a patient, the optometrist takes the prescription to the optician and the lens prescription is given to be + 1.00DS-2.00DC x 180 and the optician check the stocks of lens available and founds that (+1.00DS \u2013 2.00DC x 180) prescription is not in stock, what the optician need to do is to transpose the prescription.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">+1.00DS \u2013 2.00DC x 180<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2013 1.00DS + 2.00DC x 90.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">So instead of the optician finding it as a problem of getting + 1.00DS-2.00DC x 180 the optician simply go for -1.00DS + 2.00DC x90 it makes dispensing cylindrical lenses easy instead of keeping your patient&nbsp; waiting or ordering for more lenses when unknowing to you it is your stock.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In conclusion, transposition is important because it helps and optician to get an equivalent (same) prescription for a given prescription. It is also important for an optician to be acquitted with the knowledge of transposition. An optician should not be ignorant of keeping a patient waiting or placing an order for a cylindrical lens prescription when there is an alternative form of that prescription in stock, all you need to do is to transpose.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>References<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Efe Odjimogho, O.D. FNCO (2012). In laboratory manual, senior lecturer optometry department faulty of life science, university of Benin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mr. Nsubuisi Igboekwe (2013). Ophthalmic workshop dispensing lab ii<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">San Francisco, American Academy of ophthalmology 2011-2012<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Allied Health on the job training kit 2011<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dallas American Health Association Academy of ophthalmology 2011 (Revised as appropriate)<a href=\"https:\/\/dutable.com\/#facebook\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Facebook<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/dutable.com\/#twitter\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Twitter<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/dutable.com\/#email\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Email<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/dutable.com\/#whatsapp\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">WhatsApp<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/dutable.com\/#pinterest\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Pinterest<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/dutable.com\/#linkedin\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Transposition by&nbsp;Andrew Othuke Akpeli Introduction \/ definition According to Efe (2012) transposition as the process of changing a lens prescription from one form to another equivalent form without&nbsp; changing the value i.e. it is also&nbsp; to rewrite the expression of its power without actually changing its value. It can also be define as the act&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1460","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Transposition of ophthalmic lenses - Eyeupdate Eye Clinic &amp; Optical Services Ltd. 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